Geological processes shape natural landscapes through mechanisms such as erosion, weathering, volcanic activity, and tectonic movements. Erosion by wind, water, or ice can carve out valleys and canyons, while weathering breaks down rocks into soil and sediments. Volcanic activity can create new landforms like mountains and islands, and tectonic movements such as earthquakes and plate tectonics can lead to the formation of mountains, valleys, and faults. Overall, these processes work together to continuously mold and transform the Earth's surface over time.
