Biodiversity hotspots are regions that are identified as having high levels of biodiversity and are also under threat from human activities. They are significant because they contain a large number of unique and endangered species that are found nowhere else in the world. Protecting these hotspots is important for preserving global biodiversity and ensuring the survival of these species for future generations. Additionally, biodiversity hotspots are crucial for maintaining ecosystem services such as clean water, air, and soil, which are essential for human well-being. By conserving biodiversity hotspots, we can protect a wide range of species and ecosystems, ultimately benefiting both nature and people.