Lions communicate dominance within a pride through various methods such as roaring, physical displays like mane size and posture, scent marking, and vocalizations. Roaring is often used by dominant males to establish their territory and intimidate rivals, while physical displays such as standing tall, raising their mane, and direct eye contact also convey dominance. Scent marking through urine and rubbing against objects helps to establish territory and dominance. Vocalizations such as growls and roars are used to assert dominance and maintain order within the pride.
