Lions establish dominance within their social hierarchy through physical confrontations, vocalizations, and displays of strength and aggression. Typically, the strongest and most experienced male lion, known as the "alpha male," will lead the pride and have access to mating opportunities with female lions. Other male lions within the pride may challenge the alpha male for dominance, leading to fights that determine the pecking order within the group. Additionally, lions use roaring and scent marking to communicate their status and establish dominance within the pride.
