Industrial ecology is a field that focuses on designing industrial systems to function more like ecological systems, where waste from one process becomes a resource for another. This approach aims to create a circular economy where the waste from one process is used as input for another process, minimizing waste generation and enhancing resource efficiency. To strive for zero-waste manufacturing, industrial ecology encourages industries to implement strategies such as recycling, reusing, and remanufacturing materials, as well as implementing cleaner production methods to reduce waste generation. By adopting these practices, industries aim to minimize their environmental impact and move towards sustainable manufacturing practices.
