Air pollution can have several negative effects on the health of forest ecosystems. It can damage vegetation by introducing harmful chemicals into the air, such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which can lead to leaf damage, reduced growth, and even death of trees and other plants. Additionally, air pollution can contribute to acid rain, which can further harm forests by leaching vital nutrients from the soil, disrupting nutrient cycles, and affecting soil pH levels. This can ultimately lead to decreased biodiversity, reduced ecosystem resilience, and increased susceptibility to disease and pests within forest ecosystems.
