Coral reefs are formed through the slow accumulation of calcium carbonate skeletons left behind by coral polyps over thousands of years. These polyps are tiny, soft-bodied organisms that live in colonies and secrete hard exoskeletons made of limestone as they grow. Over time, these skeletons build up and create the structure of the reef.
Coral reefs are under threat due to various human activities and natural factors. Some of the major threats to coral reefs include climate change (resulting in coral bleaching and ocean acidification), overfishing, pollution (from chemicals, sewage, and plastics), coastal development, and destructive fishing practices. These threats can weaken and destroy coral reefs, leading to a decline in their health and biodiversity. Conservation efforts are crucial to protect and preserve these important ecosystems.
