The bar-headed goose (Anser indicus) is often cited as one of the birds capable of flying at extremely high altitudes. These geese are known for their remarkable migratory journeys, during which they fly over the Himalayas, the tallest mountain range in the world.
Research has shown that bar-headed geese can reach altitudes of over 29,000 feet (8,800 meters) during their migrations. This ability allows them to fly over the towering peaks of the Himalayas as they travel between their breeding grounds in Central Asia and their wintering grounds in India and South Asia.
To achieve such high altitudes, bar-headed geese have several adaptations, including efficient oxygen transport mechanisms, specialized hemoglobin in their blood, and unique respiratory adaptations. These adaptations enable them to cope with the low oxygen levels and cold temperatures encountered at high altitudes.
While the bar-headed goose is notable for its high-altitude flights, other birds, such as certain species of vultures and some migratory birds, also fly at impressive altitudes during their migrations. However, the bar-headed goose is particularly renowned for its ability to navigate the challenging terrain of the Himalayas during its annual migrations.
