Polkadot and Kusama are both blockchain platforms created by the same team, but they serve different purposes. Polkadot is the main network designed for large-scale enterprise use cases and projects that require high security and stability. On the other hand, Kusama is often referred to as a "canary network" or a testing ground for new features and technologies before they are implemented on Polkadot. Kusama is more experimental, with faster upgrade cycles and a more risk-tolerant environment compared to Polkadot.