A digital signature in blockchain is a cryptographic technique used to verify the authenticity and integrity of digital messages or transactions. It involves using a private key to create a unique digital signature for a specific message, which can be validated by using the corresponding public key. This process ensures that the message has not been altered and was indeed created by the expected sender. In blockchain technology, digital signatures are crucial for proving ownership of cryptocurrency assets and verifying the validity of transactions on the decentralized network.