A koala's diet primarily consists of eucalyptus leaves. Koalas are known as folivores, which means they mainly eat leaves. Eucalyptus leaves are high in fiber and low in nutrition, so koalas have evolved a unique digestive system to break down the tough leaves and extract as many nutrients as possible. Koalas are very selective about the types of eucalyptus leaves they eat, and they have been known to consume leaves from only a few specific species out of the hundreds available.