Succession in ecosystems is the gradual process by which one biological community is replaced by another over time. It typically occurs in stages and can be classified as primary succession, which occurs in an area that has not been previously colonized, or secondary succession, which occurs in an area that has been disturbed but still retains some soil and seeds. The process of succession involves pioneer species, which are the first to colonize an area, and climax species, which are the final, stable community of plants and animals. Succession is driven by factors such as competition, facilitation, and environmental changes, and it ultimately results in the development of a more stable and diverse ecosystem.
