Soil erosion is caused by factors such as deforestation, overgrazing, improper agricultural practices, and construction activities that disturb the soil. The effects of soil erosion include loss of fertile topsoil, reduced agricultural productivity, increased sedimentation in water bodies leading to water pollution, and degradation of ecosystems. It also contributes to landslides, desertification, and flooding. Implementing soil conservation practices such as terracing, planting cover crops, and reducing tillage can help mitigate soil erosion and its effects.
