The water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle, is the continuous process by which water is circulated throughout the earth and its atmosphere. It involves the following key processes:
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Evaporation: Water from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other bodies of water is heated by the sun and turns into water vapor, rising into the atmosphere.
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Condensation: As the water vapor rises, it cools and condenses into clouds.
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Precipitation: When the clouds become heavy with water droplets, precipitation occurs in the form of rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
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Runoff: The precipitation flows over the surface of the land, collecting in rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some of it infiltrates the ground to become groundwater.
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Transpiration: Plants absorb water from the soil through their roots, release it into the air through their leaves in the form of water vapor.
The importance of the water cycle lies in maintaining the balance of water on Earth, sustaining ecosystems, and providing freshwater for human consumption. It helps regulate the Earth's temperature, supports plant growth, replenishes groundwater supplies, and plays a crucial role in weather patterns. The water cycle is essential for life on Earth and ensures the availability of water for various uses.
