Photosynthesis is the process through which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy, usually from the sun, into chemical energy stored in glucose molecules. This process involves several steps:
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Absorption of Light: Chlorophyll, a green pigment found in chloroplasts of plant cells, absorbs sunlight.
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Water Absorption: Plants absorb water through their roots and transport it to the leaves.
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Carbon Dioxide Intake: Carbon dioxide is taken in from the air through small openings in the leaves called stomata.
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Production of Glucose: In the chloroplasts, the absorbed light energy is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process is known as the Calvin cycle.
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Release of Oxygen: Oxygen, a byproduct of photosynthesis, is released into the atmosphere through the stomata.
Overall, photosynthesis is crucial for the survival of plants and many other organisms, as it provides oxygen for respiration and is the foundation of the food chain.
