Evolution is the process by which organisms change over time through the gradual accumulation of genetic variations. This process occurs through natural selection, genetic drift, gene flow, and mutation. Over many generations, these mechanisms can lead to the emergence of new species and the diversity of life on Earth. Natural selection, proposed by Charles Darwin, is the most well-known mechanism of evolution and involves the differential survival and reproduction of organisms based on their heritable traits that are better suited to their environment. Genetic drift refers to random changes in gene frequencies within a population, while gene flow involves the transfer of genes between different populations. Mutations are random changes in the DNA sequence that can lead to new traits and variations within a population. Together, these processes drive the process of evolution in nature.
