Geology and topography play crucial roles in influencing landslides. The type of rock and soil present in an area, as determined by its geology, can affect the stability of slopes. For example, loose, unconsolidated materials like clay or sand are more prone to landslides than solid bedrock. Additionally, the slope and shape of the land, known as topography, can also impact landslides. Steep slopes are more susceptible to landslides due to gravitational forces, while the presence of natural drainage pathways can either mitigate or exacerbate landslide risk.
