Symbiosis is a biological phenomenon where two different species live closely together in a long-term relationship. This relationship can be mutually beneficial, where both species benefit, or it can be one-sided where one species benefits at the expense of the other. There are three main types of symbiotic relationships: mutualism (both species benefit), commensalism (one benefits while the other is unaffected), and parasitism (one benefits at the expense of the other). Symbiosis plays a significant role in ecosystems and can result in coevolution between the species involved.