Genetic diversity in populations is the variation of genetic information within a species. It is crucial for the survival and adaptation of a species to changing environments. Genetic diversity is influenced by several processes, including mutation, genetic recombination, and gene flow.
Mutation is the spontaneous change in the DNA sequence of an organism, leading to new genetic variations. Genetic recombination occurs during meiosis when genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes, creating new combinations of genes. Gene flow happens when individuals from different populations interbreed, introducing new genetic material into the population.
Overall, these processes contribute to the genetic diversity within a population, providing the raw material for natural selection to act upon, leading to the evolution and adaptation of species over time.
