Wetlands are categorized into several types based on their location, water source, and vegetation. The main types of wetlands include:
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Marshes: These wetlands are characterized by herbaceous plants and grasses. They help filter pollutants, provide habitat for wildlife, and reduce flooding by absorbing excess water.
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Swamps: Swamps are forested wetlands with trees and shrubs. They serve as important habitats for birds, fish, and other wildlife, and also help to control erosion and store carbon.
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Bogs: Bogs are acidic wetlands that receive most of their water from precipitation. They support unique plant species like sphagnum moss and carnivorous plants, and store large amounts of carbon.
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Fens: Fens are alkaline wetlands that are fed by groundwater. They are rich in nutrients and support diverse plant and animal species, while also playing a role in water filtration and flood control.
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Mangroves: Mangroves are coastal wetlands with salt-tolerant trees and shrubs. They provide important nursery habitats for fish, protect shorelines from erosion, and sequester large amounts of carbon.
Each type of wetland plays a crucial role in supporting biodiversity, improving water quality, regulating water flow, and mitigating climate change impacts.
