Light Yagami's descent into darkness in the anime "Death Note" is significant as it showcases the consequences of power and moral corruption. It reflects how a once idealistic and intelligent character can be consumed by his own ego and desire for control, ultimately leading to his downfall. The transformation of Light Yagami from a righteous individual to a ruthless and manipulative figure serves as a cautionary tale about the dangers of unchecked ambition and the loss of empathy.