Vultures play a crucial role in ecosystems by scavenging on animal carcasses, which helps control the population of scavenging insects such as flies and beetles. By consuming these carcasses, vultures reduce the available food source for these insects, thereby regulating their population. This, in turn, helps prevent the rapid proliferation of scavenging insects, which could otherwise lead to the spread of diseases such as anthrax and botulism. Additionally, vultures have strong stomach acids that can neutralize harmful pathogens present in decaying carcasses, further reducing the risk of disease transmission.