A Hall effect sensor measures magnetic fields by taking advantage of the Hall effect, which is the production of a voltage difference (Hall voltage) across a conductor when a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the current flow. The sensor consists of a thin strip of semiconducting material through which a current is passed. When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the current flow, it causes the charge carriers in the material to be deflected to one side, creating a voltage difference across the strip. This voltage difference is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field, allowing the sensor to measure and detect changes in magnetic fields.
