In addition to roaring, lions also communicate with each other over long distances through various vocalizations such as grunts, growls, moans, and even purrs. They also use scent marking by rubbing their bodies against rocks or trees, spraying urine, and leaving scratch marks to establish their territory and communicate with other lions in the area. Additionally, lions also use visual cues such as body language, facial expressions, and tail movements to communicate with each other over long distances.
