Perspective in art refers to the technique used to create the illusion of depth and three-dimensionality on a two-dimensional surface like a canvas or paper. There are several types of perspective, such as linear perspective, atmospheric perspective, and foreshortening, which artists use to accurately represent how objects appear in space. By manipulating factors like size, overlapping, and shading, artists can create realistic and immersive images that give viewers a sense of depth and distance.