The concept of the fourth dimension in physics was introduced by ¹ ²:
- Hermann Minkowski: Minkowski presented a paper in 1908 that explored the concept of time as the fourth dimension of spacetime. This idea became the basis of Einstein's theories of special and general relativity.
- Ludwig Schläfli: Schläfli, a Swiss mathematician, developed the concept of Euclidean space with any number of dimensions, including the fourth dimension, in the mid-19th century.
- Charles Howard Hinton: Hinton popularized the idea of the fourth dimension in his essay "What is the Fourth Dimension?" in 1880. He also developed methods for visualizing the fourth dimension using cubes.
