Cultural artifacts provide insights into past civilizations by offering tangible evidence of the beliefs, values, traditions, and daily life of ancient societies. Through the study of artifacts such as pottery, tools, art, architecture, and written records, historians and archaeologists can piece together a clearer picture of how people lived, worked, and interacted in the past. These artifacts help researchers understand the social, economic, political, and religious aspects of past civilizations, providing valuable context for interpreting historical events and developments.