When a capacitor discharges over time in an RC circuit, the voltage across the capacitor decreases exponentially. The rate at which the capacitor discharges is determined by the RC time constant, which is the product of the resistance (R) and the capacitance (C) in the circuit. As time passes, the voltage across the capacitor decreases towards zero, following the exponential discharge curve described by the equation V(t) = V0 * e^(-t/(RC)), where V(t) is the voltage across the capacitor at time t, V0 is the initial voltage across the capacitor, e is the base of the natural logarithm (approximately 2.71828), t is time, R is the resistance, and C is the capacitance.
