In the study of dynamical systems and chaos theory, mathematics plays a crucial role in modeling, analyzing, and predicting the behavior of complex systems. Mathematics provides the tools and frameworks, such as differential equations, bifurcation theory, fractals, and phase space analysis, that help researchers understand the dynamics and patterns of non-linear systems. It allows for the exploration of chaotic behavior, stability, attractors, and sensitive dependence on initial conditions, which are fundamental concepts in chaos theory. Mathematics also enables the development of numerical simulations and mathematical models that capture the intricate dynamics of chaotic systems, leading to insights into complex phenomena in various fields such as physics, biology, economics, and engineering.