Mathematics plays a crucial role in the development of renewable energy technologies by providing the necessary tools for modeling, simulating, and optimizing various aspects of these technologies. It helps engineers and researchers in designing more efficient solar panels, wind turbines, and energy storage systems by analyzing complex data, predicting performance, and finding optimal solutions. Mathematical concepts such as calculus, differential equations, linear algebra, and optimization algorithms are used to improve the efficiency, reliability, and cost-effectiveness of renewable energy systems.